Why is iodine a solid while fluorine is a gas?

In fluorine, the electrons are tightly held to the nuclei. The electrons have little chance to wander to one side of the molecule, so the London dispersion forces are relatively weak. It is only at temperatures between -7 °C and 59 °C that fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a solid, and iodine is a solid.

Are fluorine and iodine in the same group?

Group 7A (or VIIA) of the periodic table are the halogens: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).

Is iodine a solid liquid or gas at room temperature?

Iodine is a nonmetallic, nearly black solid at room temperature and has a glittering crystalline appearance. The molecular lattice contains discrete diatomic molecules, which are also present in the molten and the gaseous states.

Why are fluorine chlorine and iodine in the same group of the periodic table?

What Makes Them Similar? When you look at our descriptions of the elements fluorine and chlorine, you will see that they both have seven electrons in their outer shell. That seven-electron trait applies to all of the halogens. They are all just one electron shy of having full shells.

Why is fluorine more reactive than other halogens?

Due to the short bond length, the repulsion between non-bonding electrons is very high. Thus it makes the fluorine most electronegative because of its small radius as the positive protons hold a very strong attraction to the electrons. Hence, Fluorine is the most reactive of all the halogens due to its small size.

Can fluorine be solid?

Fluorine has two solid forms, α- and β-fluorine. The latter crystallizes at −220 °C (−364 °F) and is transparent and soft, with the same disordered cubic structure of freshly crystallized solid oxygen, unlike the orthorhombic systems of other solid halogens.

Is fluorine solid at room temperature?

The halogen group is quite diverse. It includes elements that occur in three different states of matter at room temperature. Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine and astatine are solids. Halogens also vary in color, as you can see in the figure below.

How does fluorine differ from other halogens?

Fluorine is different from the other halogens because it is the most electronegative element on the entire periodic table and is the most reactive…

Can fluorine be a solid?

What is the difference between iodine and fluorine?

Iodine is a solid while fluorine is a gas although both are halogens because the metal (reducer) character of elements increases when you going down the groups of the Periodic table. Iodine has even brilliance, similarly as metal.

Why is iodine a solid at room temperature and chlorine gas?

Why is iodine a solid at room temperature and chlorine a gas, despite being in the same group? Even though they are divalent molecules, iodine has more electrons per molecule than chlorine which means that iodine has more contact surfaces for intermolecular forces to act on between individual molecules.

Is fluorine a gas or solid at -7°C?

It is only at temperatures between -7 °C and 59 °C that fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a solid, and iodine is a solid.

Why do electrons in fluorine and iodine have different dispersion forces?

Explanation: In fluorine, the electrons are tightly held to the nuclei. The electrons have little chance to wander to one side of the molecule, so the London dispersion forces are relatively weak. As we move from fluorine to iodine, the electrons are further from the nuclei so the electron clouds can more easily distort.