What forms a vortex?

A vortex is a physics phenomenon that occurs when a gas or a liquid moves in circles. At the center is a vortex line that the matter swirls around. They are formed when there is a difference in the velocity of what surrounds the line. Hurricanes, tornadoes and air moving over a plane wing are examples of vortices.

Is a vortex turbulent flow?

Vortices are a major component of turbulent flow. The distribution of velocity, vorticity (the curl of the flow velocity), as well as the concept of circulation are used to characterise vortices.

In which type of flow of liquid vortex is produced?

Two types of vortices are distinguished in the dynamics of the motion: forced and free vortices. The forced vortex is caused by external forces on the fluid, such as the impeller of a pump, and the free vortex naturally occurs in the flow and can be observed in a drain or in the atmosphere of a tornado.

What does laminar flow create?

Laminar flow occurs when the fluid flows in infinitesimal parallel layers with no disruption between them. In laminar flows, fluid layers slide in parallel, with no eddies, swirls or currents normal to the flow itself.

What is free vortex flow?

Free vortex flow is one in which the fluid mass rotates without any external impressed contact force. The whole fluid mass. rotates either due to fluid pressure itself or the gravity or due to rotation previously imparted. The free vortex motion is also called potential vortex or irrotational vortex.

Is a vortex laminar or turbulent?

Once you create a vortex, it no longer behaves laminar. Though it has vorticity present in the flow mostly near wall region but the presence of the vortical structures need to have a spiraling streamline around it which is not the case in the laminar flow near the wall. Hence, it is treated as irrotational flow.

What is turbulent vortex?

In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. In general terms, in turbulent flow, unsteady vortices appear of many sizes which interact with each other, consequently drag due to friction effects increases.

How does a vortex flowmeter works?

Vortex flow meters measure fluid velocity using a principle of operation referred to as the von Kármán effect, which states that when flow passes by a bluff body, a repeating pattern of swirling vortices is generated.

What is spiral vortex flow?

Vorticity and Rotation A free spiral vortex is the combination of a free vortex and radial flow. It can be modeled by the superposition of the stream functions of a free vortex and either a sink or source, depending on the direction of the radial flow. For a radially outward flow with a clockwise free vortex, (3.67)

Can you create laminar flow?

To generate laminar flow we’re going to create a nozzle that makes the water flow in smooth layers. Slow water is more likely to be laminar, so first we need to slow the water down. Second We also need to remove turbulence from the water coming into the nozzle. And third we have to direct the water into a laminar flow.

Can laminar flow rotate?

At low values of the rotational Reynolds number, the flow will be laminar. As the rotational Reynolds number rises, the flow regime will become transitional and then turbulent. The approximate limit for laminar flow is for a rotational Reynolds number somewhere between 40 and 60.