What do the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus control?

The hippocampal formation (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have well-established roles in memory encoding and retrieval. Here we will consider how bidirectional interactions between the HPC and mPFC are involved in working memory, episodic memory and emotional memory in animals and humans.

Is hippocampus part of frontal cortex?

The EC is located in the parahippocampal gyrus, a cortical region adjacent to the hippocampus. This gyrus conceals the hippocampus. The parahippocampal gyrus is adjacent to the perirhinal cortex, which plays an important role in the visual recognition of complex objects.

How does the amygdala hippocampus and prefrontal cortex work together?

Since the hippocampus is involved in storing and retrieving explicit memories, its connections to the amygdala may be the origin of strong emotions triggered by particular memories. The connections from the prefrontal cortex to the amygdala also enable us to exercise a certain conscious control over our anxiety.

What is the prefrontal cortex connected to?

Interconnections. The prefrontal cortex is highly interconnected with much of the brain, including extensive connections with other cortical, subcortical and brain stem sites.

What is the hippocampus responsible for?

Hippocampus is a complex brain structure embedded deep into temporal lobe. It has a major role in learning and memory. It is a plastic and vulnerable structure that gets damaged by a variety of stimuli. Studies have shown that it also gets affected in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

How does hippocampus work?

The hippocampus helps humans process and retrieve two kinds of memory, declarative memories and spatial relationships. Declarative memories are those related to facts and events. The hippocampus is also where short-term memories are turned into long-term memories. These are then stored elsewhere in the brain.

How is the hippocampus involved in memory?

What connects the amygdala and hippocampus?

The hippocampus has direct connections to the entorhinal cortex (via the subiculum) and the amygdala. These structures connect to many other areas of the brain.

How is the prefrontal cortex involved in decision making?

Recent neuroimaging studies using human subjects have shown that the prefrontal cortex participates in free-choice decision-making. Since this short-term active state apparently biases the subject’s subsequent decision, this is an important signal for free-choice decision-making.