What is the most common congenital malformation?

The most common, severe congenital anomalies are heart defects, neural tube defects and Down syndrome. Although congenital anomalies may be the result of one or more genetic, infectious, nutritional or environmental factors, it is often difficult to identify the exact causes.

What are examples of congenital malformations?

Congenital anomalies comprise a wide range of abnormalities of body structure or function that are present at birth and are of prenatal origin….Examples include:

• orofacial clefts,
• neural tube defects, and.
• limb deficiencies.

What is malformation in pregnancy?

A birth defect, also called a ‘congenital anomaly’, ‘congenital malformation’, ‘congenital abnormality’ or ‘congenital disorder’ is any abnormality occurring before birth. Birth defects are usually detected during pregnancy, at birth or in early childhood.

What is the most common congenital malformation of the head and neck region?

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) represent the most common congenital anomaly of the neck, accounting for 2-4\% of all neck masses. They are most commonly present in the first decade of life but may also be seen in adults.

What diseases are caused by genetic mutations?

Some well-known inherited genetic disorders include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs disease, phenylketonuria and color-blindness, among many others. All of these disorders are caused by the mutation of a single gene.

How can you prevent genetic abnormalities during pregnancy?

Commit to Healthy Choices to Help Prevent Birth Defects

1. Plan ahead. Get 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day.
2. Avoid harmful substances. Avoid alcohol at any time during pregnancy.
3. Choose a healthy lifestyle. Keep diabetes under control.
4. Talk with your healthcare provider.