What is consequentialism and utilitarianism?

Consequentialism is a theory that says whether something is good or bad depends on its outcomes. An action that brings about more benefit than harm is good, while an action that causes more harm than benefit is not. The most famous version of this theory is utilitarianism.

How do you know whether your action is morally responsible?

The judgment that a person is morally responsible for her behavior involves—at least to a first approximation—attributing certain powers and capacities to that person, and viewing her behavior as arising (in the right way) from the fact that the person has, and has exercised, these powers and capacities.

What is the difference between teleological and consequentialist?

You will remember that teleological theories focus on the goal of the ethical action. Consequentialist theories are those that base moral judgements on the outcomes of a decision or an action. Conversely, if the outcome causes harm, then the action is held to be morally wrong.

What is moral accountability in philosophy?

Accountability demands that a person be a moral interlocutor; being a moral interlocutor requires that a person is alert to moral reasons in favor of or against the behavior in question and requires that a person is a discursive partner. …

Is relativism incoherent?

Critics of relativism typically dismiss such views as incoherent since they imply the validity even of the view that relativism is false. They also charge that such views are pernicious since they undermine the enterprise of trying to improve our ways of thinking.

Was Nietzsche a relativist?

Nietzsche is not a relativist, but many of his positions – especially his perspectivism and his skepticism about the objectivity of morality – have influenced twentieth-century proponents of relativism and inspired associations with their theories of truth, knowledge, science, culture, ethics, and metaethics.

Is Immanuel Kant a utilitarian?

KANTIAN ETHICS. German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was an opponent of utilitarianism.

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