What is the myth of return?

Abstract. International migrants often hesitate to make an explicit decision to stay permanently in their country of settlement. Instead, they uphold the idea of return in the future. This phenomenon is referred to as the myth of return.

What was Chief Joseph most famous for?

Chief Joseph (1840-1904) was a leader of the Wallowa band of the Nez Perce Tribe, who became famous in 1877 for leading his people on an epic flight across the Rocky Mountains.

What language did Chief Joseph speak?

Haruo Aoki (1989: 16) notes that Chief Joseph “spoke in the Nez Perce language. His words had to be translated into English by an interpreter, who in all likelihood was Arthur Chapman [a white man who knew Nez Perce].

What tribe is Chief Joseph from?

The Nez Percé tribe was one of the most powerful in the Pacific Northwest and in the first half of the 19th century one of the most friendly to whites. Many Nez Percé, including Chief Joseph’s father, were converted to Christianity and Chief Joseph was educated in a mission school.

What happened to Chief Joseph’s wife and daughter?

Joseph and those with him were promised that they would be returned to Idaho, but they were sent to a swamp at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas where half of them contracted malaria. Many adults and children died.

What Indian said I will fight no more forever?

Chief Joseph of
Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce peoples surrenders to U.S. General Nelson A. Miles in the Bear Paw mountains of Montana, declaring, “Hear me, my chiefs: My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.”

Where was Chief Joseph buried?

Nez Perce Cemetery, Nespelem Community, WA
Chief Joseph/Place of burial

Does Chief Joseph have descendants?

Joe Redthunder, the oldest direct descendant of Chief Joseph, who fought the U.S. Army in the last major military engagement between the government and an Indian tribe, has died at age 87. After their defeat by the Army in the Nez Perce War of 1877, Chief Joseph and his people were banished to the Colville reservation.

Who chased Chief Joseph?

At least 700 men, women, and children led by Joseph and other Nez Perce chiefs were pursued by the U.S. Army under General Oliver O. Howard in a 1,170-mile (1,900 km) fighting retreat known as the Nez Perce War.

What was the last major Indian battle?

Wounded Knee The battle was the last major conflict between the U.S. government and the Plains Indians.

What did Chief Joseph fight for?

In 1873, Chief Joseph negotiated with the federal government to ensure that his people could stay on their land in the Wallowa Valley as stipulated in 1855 and 1863 land treaties with the U.S. government.

What did General Howard tell Chief Joseph?

“If General Howard had given me plenty of time to gather up my stock and treated Too-hool-hool-suit [another Nez Perce leader] as a man should be treated,” he said, “there would have been no war.” History has largely remembered Chief Joseph as a military genius—a perception that, as I understand it, Howard promoted.