What does a cytochrome inhibitor do?

The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are essential to produce numerous agents, including cholesterol and steroids. CYP450 inhibitors are used to minimize or prevent such reactions. Drugs are metabolized in many sites of our body; however, the liver is the primary organ for drug metabolism.

What does CYP450 substrate mean?

Definitions. substrates are drugs or other substances (xenobiotics) which are metabolized by cytochrome enzymes including 1. pharmacologically active drugs which require metabolism to inactive form for clearance from the body. metabolically activated drugs (prodrugs) which require conversion to active drug.

How do CYP inducers work?

Enzyme Induction CYP enzyme inducers increase the rate of hepatic metabolism, usually through increased transcription of mRNA, and decrease serum concentrations of other drugs metabolized by the same hepatic isoenzyme.

What happens when cytochrome P450 is inhibited?

IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITION In some cases, CYP450 inhibition is irreversible. The formation of a stable complex, between a drug and the metabolizing enzyme, is one mechanism that can result in irreversible inhibition. The inhibitor can be a drug or one of its metabolites.

What happens if cytochrome P450 is inhibited?

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the metabolism of many medications. Cytochrome P450 enzymes can be inhibited or induced by drugs, resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions that can cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures.

How do you remember CYP inducers?

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes can be inhibited or induced by some drugs, resulting in significant drug interactions that can cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. An easy way to remember the mnemonic is; CRAP GPs spend all day on SICKFACES.com.

How is cytochrome P450 inhibited?

Cytochrome P450 enzymes can be inhibited or induced by drugs, resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions that can cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. Interactions with warfarin, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, and statins often involve the cytochrome P450 enzymes.