Where does RNA polymerase get energy from?

To transcribe DNA, RNA polymerase (RNAP) rapidly moves along the DNA template, powered by free energy liberated by nucleotide polymerization and RNA folding reactions. This chemical-to-mechanical energy conversion by RNAPs is analogous to that of myosins, kinesins, dyneins, and the bacterial flagellar motors.

What stimulates RNA polymerase?

Acetyl coenzyme A stimulates RNA polymerase II transcription and promoter binding by transcription factor IID in the absence of histones. Mol Cell Biol.

How does RNA polymerase find the promoter?

RNA polymerases (or associated general transcription factors) are hypothesized to reach promoter sequences by facilitated diffusion (FD). Direct binding explains how polymerase can quickly reach a promoter, despite occupancy of promoter-flanking DNA by bound proteins that would impede FD.

What recruits RNA polymerase to the promoter?

Two transcription factors, UBF and SL1, bind cooperatively to the rDNA promoter and recruit RNA polymerase I to form an initiation complex. One subunit of SL1 is the TATA-binding protein (TBP).

What is the product of RNA polymerase?

Products of RNAP include: Messenger RNA (mRNA)—template for the synthesis of proteins by ribosomes. Non-coding RNA or “RNA genes”—a broad class of genes that encode RNA that is not translated into protein.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for RNA synthesis?

RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase (green) synthesizes RNA by following a strand of DNA. RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.

Who discovered RNA polymerase?

RNAP was discovered independently by Charles Loe, Audrey Stevens, and Jerard Hurwitz in 1960. By this time, one half of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Medicine had been awarded to Severo Ochoa for the discovery of what was believed to be RNAP, but instead turned out to be polynucleotide phosphorylase.

Which RNA polymerase makes rRNA?

RNA polymerase III
RNA polymerase 1 (also known as Pol I) is, in higher eukaryotes, the polymerase that only transcribes ribosomal RNA (but not 5S rRNA, which is synthesized by RNA polymerase III), a type of RNA that accounts for over 50\% of the total RNA synthesized in a cell.

Does RNA polymerase bind to promoter?

RNA polymerase and the necessary transcription factors bind to the promoter sequence and initiate transcription. Promoter sequences define the direction of transcription and indicate which DNA strand will be transcribed; this strand is known as the sense strand.

Where is RNA polymerase produced?

nucleolus
RNA polymerase I These transcripts are produced within the nucleolus, a region within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled.

Which of the following are synthesized by RNA polymerase?

In bacteria, RNA polymerase exists in two states. One form, known as the core enzyme, can catalyze RNA synthesis but is unable to bind to promoter targets in DNA. The second form of RNA polymerase, the holoenzyme, is capable of both RNA synthesis and promoter recognition.