What is RPA in DNA repair?

Replication protein A (RPA) is the major protein that binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in eukaryotic cells. This keeps DNA unwound for the polymerase to replicate it. RPA also binds to ssDNA during the initial phase of homologous recombination, an important process in DNA repair and prophase I of meiosis.

What does RAD51 stand for?

RAD51 Recombinase
RAD51 (RAD51 Recombinase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with RAD51 include Fanconi Anemia, Complementation Group R and Mirror Movements 2. Among its related pathways are Meiosis and Resolution of D-Loop Structures.

What is RPA in eukaryotic replication?

Replication protein A (RPA) is a heterotrimeric single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. RPA plays essential roles in many aspects of nucleic acid metabolism, including DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, and homologous recombination.

What is the function of replication protein A?

Replication protein A (RPA), the major eukaryotic ssDNA binding protein, has two important roles in DNA metabolism: (1) in binding ssDNA to protect it and to keep it unfolded, and (2) in coordinating the assembly and disassembly of numerous proteins and protein complexes during processes such as DNA replication.

How do single stranded binding proteins work?

Single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) binds to single-stranded regions of DNA. During DNA replication, SSB molecules bind to the newly separated individual DNA strands, keeping the strands separated by holding them in place so that each strand can serve as a template for new DNA synthesis.

How does RPA protect the DNA during DNA replication?

Replication protein A (RPA) is the major eukaryotic ssDNA-binding protein. As such, RPA protects the transiently formed ssDNA from nucleolytic degradation and serves as a physical platform for the recruitment of DNA damage response factors.

What is Rad50?

phosphorylation of Rad50 plays a key regulatory role as an adaptor for specific ATM-dependent downstream signaling through SMC1 for DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint control in the maintenance of genome integrity.

What does BRCA2 stand for?

BRCA1 (BReast CAncer gene 1) and BRCA2 (BReast CAncer gene 2) are genes that produce proteins that help repair damaged DNA. Everyone has two copies of each of these genes—one copy inherited from each parent.

Is RPA an SSB?

Replication protein A (RPA) is a nuclear SSB complex found in all eukaryotes and is required for many aspects of DNA metabolism [1,2,6,7].

How do single-stranded binding proteins work?

Where does replication take place?

nucleus
In humans, DNA is found in the nucleus of cell. The process of replication (which copies DNA) must take place in the nucleus since this is where the DNA is found.