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How does the RNA know to stop making a specific protein?

How does the RNA know to stop making a specific protein?

(Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three nucleotides that does not code for an amino acid).

How does a cell know where to start making proteins on mRNA?

In order for a cell to manufacture these proteins, specific genes within its DNA must first be transcribed into molecules of mRNA; then, these transcripts must be translated into chains of amino acids, which later fold into fully functional proteins.

What determines the code of a protein?

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. Those genes that code for proteins are composed of tri-nucleotide units called codons, each coding for a single amino acid. …

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Why did researchers suspect that DNA does not code for proteins directly?

Why did researchers suspect that DNA does not code for proteins directly? Because there is no chemical complementarity between nucleo- tides and amino acids; and because in eukaryotes, DNA is in the nucleus but translation occurs in the cytoplasm. Explain why Morse code is an appropriate analogy for the genetic code.

How do you identify non-coding RNA?

6 Non-coding RNA characterization

  1. Detection of annotated and novel transcripts. The Gencode gene (Supplementary Fig.
  2. The transcriptome of nuclear subcompartments.
  3. Gene expression across cell lines.
  4. Annotated small RNAs.
  5. Unannotated short RNAs.

How do you identify a protein-coding gene?

Putative protein-coding genes are identified based on computational analysis of genomic data—typically, by the presence of an open-reading frame (ORF) exceeding ≈300 bp in a cDNA sequence.

How does DNA code for protein in a cell?

The DNA remains in the cell nucleus but the production of the protein occurs in the cytoplasm. This requires the help of mRNA. DNA has the code for a protein which mRNA has to copy and then take that copy out of the nucleus to an other organelle called a ribosome. There the copy is translated into the protein.

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How did they prove that it was DNA not protein which is the primary source of heritable information?

The progeny of the phages that were labeled with radioactive phosphorus remained labeled, whereas the progeny of the phages labeled with radioactive sulfur were unlabeled. Thus, the Hershey–Chase experiment helped to confirm that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.