What is fragmentation and segmentation in computer network?

As we know , a segment is the data structure built in the transport layer (TCP) , packet (datagram) in the network layer (IP) , while frame deals with the data link layer ( ethernet). Segmentation is a function of the transport layer while fragmentation is defined to happen in the network layer.

What kind of fragmentation occurs in segmentation?

Segmentation is free of internal fragmentation. Suffers from external fragmentation. Every program/process may occupy more than one non-contiguous segment, similar to dynamic partitioning.

What is the difference between internal fragmentation and external fragmentation?

Internal fragmentation occurs when memory is divided into fixed sized partitions. External fragmentation occurs when memory is divided into variable size partitions based on the size of processes.

Why fragmentation is necessary how it is different than segmentation in transport layer?

Fragmentation at the network level, ensures that the packet can be transmitted in a data link PDU. The transport layer can’t depend on the lower layers doing segmentation, because the lower layer has no concept of acknowledgement or retransmission.

What is the use of segmentation?

Segmenting allows you to more precisely reach a customer or prospect based on their specific needs and wants. Segmentation will allow you to: Better identify your most valuable customer segments. Improve your return on marketing investment by only targeting those likely to be your best customers.

What is segmentation in main memory?

Memory segmentation is an operating system memory management technique of division of a computer’s primary memory into segments or sections. Segments or sections are also used in object files of compiled programs when they are linked together into a program image and when the image is loaded into memory.

Why does segmentation have external fragmentation?

Segmentation causes external fragmentation to the point that modern x86-64 servers treat it as a legacy application, and only support it for backwards compatibility. External fragmentation occurs when unusable memory is located outside of allocated memory blocks.

What is segmentation in operating system?

In Operating Systems, Segmentation is a memory management technique in which the memory is divided into the variable size parts. Each part is known as a segment which can be allocated to a process. The details about each segment are stored in a table called a segment table.

What is the difference between a page and a frame?

A page (or memory page, or virtual page, or logical page) is a fixed-length contiguous block of virtual memory. A frame (or memory frame, or physical page, or page frame) is a fixed-length block of RAM (ie. physical memory, it exists – as in “physical”.