How do hot Jupiters migrate?

In the migration hypothesis, a hot Jupiter forms beyond the frost line, from rock, ice, and gases via the core accretion method of planetary formation. The planet then migrates inwards to the star where it eventually forms a stable orbit. Migration via the other mechanism can happen after the loss of the gas disk.

How do gas giants form?

When a planet reaches a few times the mass of Earth, the atmosphere will grow rapidly, faster than the solid part of the planet, eventually forming a gas giant planet like Jupiter. This ice together with rock provides the material to build a solid planet.

How do we think hot Jupiters formed?

How do we think hot Jupiters formed? Hot Jupiters formed beyond the frost line, as in our solar system, and migrated inward due to interaction with the solar nebula. We think that it is possible for planets to migrate through their disks because of interactions with the gas in the disk.

Can a gas giant turn into a rocky planet?

Now, new research suggests that these massive rocky planets may be the result of the failed creation of Jupiter-sized gas giants. Most astronomers currently believe planets are created by a method known as core accretion. When the clumps reach a critical mass, their gravity pulls in gas from the disk around them.

How do we think hot Jupiters got so close to their stars?

The gravitational coupling between the two planets causes the inner planet to go into an eccentric, needle-shaped orbit. The inner planet’s orbit gradually shrinks because energy is dissipated through tides, pulling in close to the star and producing a hot Jupiter. In the process, the orbit of the planet can flip.

How did hot Jupiters get so close to their stars?

Some think that the orbits of hot Jupiter are excited to a very high eccentricity. The high eccentricity causes hot Jupiters to approach the central stars, so close that the orbital energy of hot Jupiters is tidally dissipated. The tidal energy dissipation shrinks and circularizes the orbits of hot Jupiters.

How did Jupiter become a gas giant?

Formation. Jupiter took shape when the rest of the solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago when gravity pulled swirling gas and dust in to become this gas giant. About 4 billion years ago, Jupiter settled into its current position in the outer solar system, where it is the fifth planet from the Sun.

What’s the best explanation for the location of hot Jupiters?

What’s the best explanation for the location of hot Jupiters? They formed farther out like Jupiter but then migrated inward.

How do we think the hot Jupiters around other stars were formed quizlet?

How do we think the “hot Jupiters” around other stars were formed? They formed as gas giants beyond the frost line and then migrated inwards. The gas in the solar nebula would create a drag on the planets and their orbits would migrate inwards.