What are chemical probes used for?

Chemical probes can be used to help establish the relationship between a molecular target and the broader biological consequences of modulating that target in cells or organisms. They are also highly synergistic to biological or genetic tools that can be used to study protein functions.

Why are chemical probes important in drug discovery?

In their most common application, chemical probes can establish the tractability of a specific target. These chemical probes enable an improved understanding of pharmacodynamics (often in an in vivo setting) and help to iden- tify biomarkers that are essential to clinical decision making.

What makes a good chemical probe?

Chemical probes must have high affinity for the intended target protein, good cellular potency, excellent selectivity over closely related target proteins and a known chemical structure and mode of inhibition.

What is a probe in pharmacy?

For the purposes of this discussion, a chemical probe is defined as “… a selective small-molecule modulator of a protein’s function that allows the user to ask mechanistic and phenotypic questions about its molecular target in biochemical, cell-based or animal studies” (Arrowsmith et al., 2015).

What is high throughput screening used for?

Definition. High throughput screening (HTS) is the use of automated equipment to rapidly test thousands to millions of samples for biological activity at the model organism, cellular, pathway, or molecular level.

What is a probe in biochemistry?

A probe is a single-stranded sequence of DNA or RNA used to search for its complementary sequence in a sample genome.

What is chemical screening?

A chemistry screen is a blood test that measures the levels of several substances in the blood (such as electrolytes). A chemistry screen tells your doctor about your general health, helps look for certain problems, and finds out whether treatment for a specific problem is working.

How do you create a drug molecule?

There are three primary methods for structure determination that are useful for drug design: X-ray crystallography, NMR, and homology modeling. The evaluation of structures from each method will be discussed.

What are research probes?

Probing is a specific research technique used by interviewers in individual and group interviews and focus groups to generate further explanation from research participants. Probing may be achieved nonverbally with pauses or gestures, or verbally with follow-up questions.

What are gene probes?

A gene probe (nucleic acid probe) is a single-stranded nucleic acid fragment that interacts with a complementary sequence of a target nucleic acid. The test is based upon the principles of nucleic acid hybridization reactions. Gene probes can be used for the rapid and specific identification of microorganisms.

What is chem 1 lab test?

Test Overview. A chemistry screen is a blood test that measures the levels of several substances in the blood (such as electrolytes). A chemistry screen tells your doctor about your general health, helps look for certain problems, and finds out whether treatment for a specific problem is working.

What is Chem 20 Blood test for?

A SMAC 20 blood test is regularly ordered group of tests that gives important information about the current status of your health including glucose or blood sugar levels, kidney function, cholesterol, sodium and potassium levels’ and more.