What does the pilot monitoring do?

The pilot monitoring monitors the course of the flight and is responsible for radio communication with ATC, flight attendants, and passengers. Furthermore, he/she maintains the flight plan, monitors fuel, reads checklists, and operates the landing gear and flaps.

What is mandatory for pilots between flights?

The new regulations, which don’t apply to cargo pilots, require that pilots get at least 10 hours of rest between shifts. Pilots will be limited to flying eight or nine hours, depending on their start times. They must also have 30 consecutive hours of rest each week, a 25\% increase over previous requirements.

What is monitoring in aviation?

The senses relating to flight path monitoring are mainly visual and auditory, but tactile inputs from the flight controls (e.g. stick shaker, aeroplane buffet, etc.) Similarly, the smell and taste senses can alert the flight crew to fumes in the cockpit and therefore also perform a monitoring stimulus.

What is PF and PM?

In commercial aviation with a two-person flight crew, the Pilot Flying (PF) is the pilot operating the flight controls of the aircraft. The other pilot is referred to as the Pilot Monitoring (PM) or Pilot Not Flying (PNF).

What is duty time for a pilot?

14 CFR § 91.1059 – Flight time limitations and rest requirements: One or two pilot crews.

	Normal duty
(1) Minimum Rest Immediately Before Duty	10 Hours
(2) Duty Period	Up to 14 Hours
(3) Flight Time For 1 Pilot	Up to 8 Hours
(4) Flight Time For 2 Pilots	Up to 10 Hours

What is the maximum duty day for a cargo pilot in a two pilot crew flying in supplemental all cargo operations?

no air carrier conducting supplemental operations may schedule a pilot for more than 120 hours aloft during and 30-consecutive-day period.