How is PPR spread?

Therefore, there is a chance of PPR spread from North African countries to the European countries through fomities, potentially through returning trucks used to deliver live sheep and goats to the North African countries.

What causes PPR in goats?

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), also known as sheep and goat plague, is a highly contagious animal disease affecting domestic and wild small ruminants. It is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, family Paramixoviridae.

What is PPR disease in goat?

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute or subacute viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by fever, necrotic stomatitis, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, and sometimes death. It was first reported in Cote d’Ivoire (the Ivory Coast) in 1942 and subsequently in other parts of West Africa.

Does rinderpest affect goats?

Ovine rinderpest, also commonly known as peste des petits ruminants (PPR), is a contagious disease primarily affecting goats and sheep; however, camels and wild small ruminants can also be affected.

What is PPR in veterinary?

Abstract. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious, world organization for animal health (OIE) notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats associated with high morbidity and mortality and caused by PPR virus.

What is PPR injection for goat?

Vaccine for Plague (Peste des petits ruminants-PPR): A Disease of Small Ruminants. The PPR is most important infectious disease of small ruminants and is known as sheep and goat plague. The disease was reported in India in 1989 from Tamil Nadu. It is now prevalent in all the parts of the country.

How do you control PPR in goats?

As a result, PPR can now be controlled by focused vaccinations in high-risk populations of sheep and goats, followed by mass vaccination campaigns. Mass vaccination campaigns must achieve high levels of herd immunity (70\% to 80\%) to block the epidemic cycle of the virus.

What are the diseases affecting sheep and goat?

Bacterial diseases

• anaplasmosis.
• blackleg.
• braxy.
• brucellosis.
• caseous lymphadenitis.
• chlamydiosis, also known as enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE)
• contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.
• dermatophilosis, also known as cutaneous streptothricosis, rainscald, rain rot, lumpy wool, or strawberry footrot.

Is PPR a zoonotic disease?

Since PPR is not a zoonotic disease, it is believed that the disease may be perceived by governments as less relevant and therefore not imperative to control.

What are the symptoms of PPR?

PPR is a severe, fast-spreading disease of mainly domestic small ruminants. It is characterized by the sudden onset of depression, fever, discharges from the eyes and nose, sores in the mouth, disturbed breathing and cough, foul-smelling diarrhoea and death.

What causes orf virus?

Orf is a viral skin disease that can be spread to humans by handling infected sheep and goats. The disease – caused by a parapoxvirus – is also known as: contagious ecthyma. contagious pustular dermatitis.