Which physical property does the separation of crude oil into its fractions?
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Which physical property does the separation of crude oil into its fractions?
boiling point
Because each fraction has its own boiling point, when the crude oil is heated each fraction will boil at different temperatures and leave the crude oil mixture as a gas. This allows them to be separated and collected.
What property is used in fractional distillation of crude oil?
The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column. Each fraction contains hydrocarbon molecules with a similar number of carbon atoms and a similar range of boiling points.
How is crude oil separated into fractions GCSE?
Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated to vaporize the different hydrocarbons in a tank which is cool at the top and hot at the bottom. The vapours then rise and the different hydrocarbons condense at their specific boiling points, allowing them to be separated.
How is crude oil separated into fractions by fractional distillation?
What are the main fractions of crude oil?
Fractional distillation of crude oil
| Fraction: | No. of carbon atoms: | Uses: |
|---|---|---|
| Refinery gas | 1 – 4 | Gaseous fuel, making chemicals. |
| Gasoline (petrol) | 4 – 12 | Motor car fuel, making chemicals. |
| Kerosine (paraffin) | 11 – 15 | Heating fuel, jet fuel. |
| Diesel oil | 15 – 19 | Diesel fuel for lorries, trains, etc. and heating fuel. |
What are the fractions of crude oil and their uses?
What are fractions of crude oil used for?
The fractions are then further processed to produce fuels and chemical feedstock for the petrochemical industry. These include fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas, petrol, diesel oil, kerosene, heavy fuel oil which are all non-renewable fossil fuels, as is methane from natural gas.
What are the uses of crude oil fractions?
How is crude oil separated for kids?
Fractional distillation heated crude oil enters a tall fractionating column , which is hot at the bottom and gets cooler towards the top. vapours from the oil rise through the column. vapours condense when they become cool enough. liquids are led out of the column at different heights.