What does the otic ganglion supply?

The otic ganglion is a small parasympathetic ganglion located immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa and on the medial surface of the mandibular nerve. It is functionally associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve and innervates the parotid gland for salivation.

Why is the otic ganglion important?

The otic ganglion is one of the four parasympathetic ganglia of the head. A collection of sensory neurons of the mandibular nerve, it works with the glossopharyngeal nerve and mandibular nerves to provide function to multiple salivary glands. It also has a motor function in chewing.

What are the 4 parasympathetic ganglia?

Location of Autonomic Ganglia Parasympathetic ganglia which innervate targets in the head are located in four main ganglia: the ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular and otic ganglia. Scattered microganglia may also be distributed along cranial nerves.

What is the optic ganglion used for?

Retinal ganglion cells process visual information that begins as light entering the eye and transmit it to the brain via their axons, which are long fibers that make up the optic nerve. There are over a million retinal ganglion cells in the human retina, and they allow you to see as they send the image to your brain.

Where is otic ganglion found?

The otic ganglion is a small peripheral parasympathetic ganglion residing immediately below the foramen ovale. It is related topographically to the mandibular nerve but is functionally related to the glossopharyngeal nerve.

Is the otic ganglion sympathetic?

The otic ganglion has parasympathetic, sympathetic, sensory, and motor roots. The otic ganglion transmits postganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to all branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. It also sends sympathetic vasomotor fibers to the parotid gland.

Where is submandibular ganglion?

The submandibular ganglion is small and fusiform in shape. It is situated above the deep portion of the submandibular gland, on the hyoglossus muscle, near the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.

What is ciliary ganglion?

Ciliary ganglion is a peripheral parasympathetic ganglion. It is situated near the apex of orbit between the optic nerve and lateral rectus muscle. It is related medially to the ophthalmic artery and laterally to the lateral rectus muscle.

What causes ganglion cell loss?

In acute diseases such as ischaemic optic neuropathy or optic neuritis, or in chronic diseases such as glaucoma, injury to RGC axons in the optic nerve may lead to rapid RGC death. Retinal ischaemia and retinal artery or vein occlusions directly injure RGC cell bodies in the ganglion cell layer.

What do ganglion cells detect?

The retinal ganglion cells provide information important for detecting the shape and movement of objects. In the primate eye, there are two major types of retinal ganglion cells, Type M and Type P cells, that process information about different stimulus properties.

What nerve Innervates the otic ganglion?

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX) These axons follow the tympanic and lesser petrosal nerves and innervate the otic ganglion, located just medial to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.

Where is ciliary ganglion located?