What is the difference between deletion duplication inversion and translocation?

– One gamete with inversion – One gamete with a duplication and deletion. – One gamete with reciprocal duplication and deletion. – One gamete with inversion – Two deletion products – Some material lost. A chromosomal translocation occurs when a segment of one chromosome becomes attached to another.

Is translocation a duplication?

In a tandem duplication, duplicated regions are arranged next to each other on the same chromosome by nonallelic homologous recombination (Fig. 1, top). In translocated duplications, chromosomal duplications are translocated onto another chromosome by break-induced replication (Fig. 1, bottom).

What is duplication and deletion?

One way to think of a duplication is to think of all 46 chromosomes as a cookbook, and each individual chromosome as a recipe. If a deletion is a missing ingredient in the recipe, a duplication is an extra ingredient.

What are the three types of translocation?

1. simple translocations (one break involved) 2. reciprocal translocations (two breaks involved) 3. shift type translocations (three breaks involved) 4.

What causes deletion and duplication?

Causes. Most cases of 22q 11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes occur at random and aren’t inherited or related to any identifiable cause. However, approximately 5-10 percent of children with a 22q11. 2 deletion inherit it from a parent who has a mild — usually undiagnosed — form of the disorder.

How is a deletion different from a substitution?

The most common mutations occur in two ways: 1) a base substitution, in which one base is substituted for another; 2) an insertion or deletion, in which a base is either incorrectly inserted or deleted from a codon.

How does Robertsonian translocation occur?

A Robertsonian translocation results when the long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes fuse at the centromere and the two short arms are lost. If, for example, the long arms of chromosomes 13 and 14 fuse, no significant genetic material is lost—and the person is completely normal in spite of the translocation.

What are the two types of translocation?

There are two main types of translocations: reciprocal and Robertsonian. In a reciprocal translocation, two different chromosomes have exchanged segments with each other. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome attaches to another at the centromere.

What is translocation mutation?

​Translocation Translocation is a type of chromosomal abnormality in which a chromosome breaks and a portion of it reattaches to a different chromosome. Chromosomal translocations can be detected by analyzing karyotypes of the affected cells.

What is the difference between insertion and deletion?

An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly. A deletion changes the DNA sequence by removing at least one nucleotide in a gene.

What is deletion with example?

In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: Δ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left out during DNA replication. Any number of nucleotides can be deleted, from a single base to an entire piece of chromosome.