How does a newly made RNA molecule get from the nucleus to the endoplasmic reticulum outside the nucleus?

mRNA Transport Within the Nucleus Ribosomes appear both free in the cell cytoplasm and attached to a membranous organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum, both of which lie outside the nucleus. This occurs by the binding of the new mRNA molecules to transport proteins.

How do proteins go in and out of the nucleus?

Proteins destined for the nucleus contain NLSs. These short stretches of amino acids interact with proteins located in the cytoplasm, on the nuclear envelope, and/or at the nuclear pore complex. Following binding at the pore complex, proteins are translocated through the pore into the nucleus in a manner requiring ATP.

How do proteins leave the cell?

Proteins can be secreted from cells by exocytosis in either a constitutive or a regulated fashion. In the regulated pathways, molecules are stored either in secretory vesicles or synaptic vesicles, which do not fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents until an appropriate signal is received.

How are proteins transported out of the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus?

Correctly folded and assembled proteins in the ER are packaged into COPII-coated transport vesicles that pinch off from the ER membrane. Shortly thereafter the coat is shed and the vesicles fuse with one another to form vesicular tubular clusters, which move on microtubule tracks to the Golgi apparatus.

How does RNA get out of the nucleus?

Messenger RNA, or mRNA, leaves the nucleus through pores in the nuclear membrane. These pores control the passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. mRNA processing occurs only in eukaryotes.

How do molecules enter the nucleus?

Each nuclear pore is a large complex of proteins that allows small molecules and ions to freely pass, or diffuse, into or out of the nucleus. Nuclear pores also allow necessary proteins to enter the nucleus from the cytoplasm if the proteins have special sequences that indicate they belong in the nucleus.

What do proteins do in the nucleus?

Proteins are transported inside the nucleus with the help of the nuclear pore complex, which acts a barrier between cytoplasm and nuclear membrane. The import and export of proteins through the nuclear pore complex plays a fundamental role in gene regulation and other biological functions.

What organelle would be responsible for the packaging and transporting the insulin out of the cell?

In specialist secretory cells the Golgi complex is responsible for the sorting and packing of such well-known items as insulin, digestive enzymes and pectin. The Golgi apparatus produces specialist vesicles or vessels for the transport of its products.