How does the first law of thermodynamics relate to potential and kinetic energy?

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of a system remains constant, even if it is converted from one form to another. The first law of thermodynamics relates the various forms of kinetic and potential energy in a system to the work, which a system can perform, and to the transfer of heat.

What is the second law of thermodynamics and why is it important?

Second law of thermodynamics is very important because it talks about entropy and as we have discussed, ‘entropy dictates whether or not a process or a reaction is going to be spontaneous’.

What is the significance of Gibbs energy?

The importance of the Gibbs function can hardly be over-stated: it determines whether a given chemical change is thermodynamically possible. Thus, if the free energy of the reactants is greater than that of the products, the entropy of the world will increase and the reaction takes place spontaneously.

Why we call Gibbs free energy?

In traditional use, the term “free” was included in “Gibbs free energy” to mean “available in the form of useful work”. The characterization becomes more precise if we add the qualification that it is the energy available for non-pressure-volume work.

Why does entropy equal heat over temperature?

The transfer of heat goes from the hot object to the cold object. The change in entropy (delta S) is equal to the heat transfer (delta Q) divided by the temperature (T). For a given physical process, the entropy of the system and the environment will remain a constant if the process can be reversed.

What are the factors affecting the potential energy and kinetic energy of a body?

The two main factors that affect kinetic energy are mass and speed. Why? Because the motion of an object depends on how fast it’s traveling, but also how much mass it has, though velocity is the more important factor.